Scotte



l. E. HANSCOTTE'.

BRAKE CAR.

APPLlQATION FILED APR. 27., 19.18.

Patented 1190.111919.

2 SHEETS--SHEET l.

l 1. E. HANscoTTEi.

BRAKE CAR.

APPLICATION FILED APR. 21, 191B.

Patented De@.16,1919.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2- The vehicle to Which the invention is to be JULESETIENNE HANSCOTTE, OF COLOMBES, FRANCE;

' BRAKE-CAR.

Speccat'on of Letters Patent;

Vil'atentmi Dec. 1c, 1919.

Appiicanoafiiea aprii a?, isis. serial No. 231,161.

To all 'whom t may concern.'

Be it knoivn that l, JULES ETinNNn Halvscor'rn, citizen of the Republicof France, and resident oi" Colombes, France, (postoltice address, 1:2Rue Besson,) have invented `a neiv and useful Brake-Car, which im`pi-ovenients are fully set t'orth in the following specication.

lt may be necessary to raise to heights, vvhich may be easilvaccomplishedL by means of steep inclines, railway material, artillerymaterial, etc., which not being provided with brakes, or only -withbrakes 'of feeble" povfer, is able to travel upon gentle inclines on y,owing to Vthe friction betiveeif'the Wheels and the tivo rails ot thetrack.

l o rea-ch such heights theietoie it is necessar)v to construct indirecttracks o'l great length necessitating sometimes cuttings', and

passing through localities' which it Would be preferable to avoid and'other engineering Work ot considerable magnitude.

The present invention relates to a. brake car equipped with horizontaldriving vvlieels in addition to the usual vertical wheels, the

horizontal Wheels acting' against'van auxiliaijY central rail 'orV thepurpose of. augmenting the trictional engagement and brake power or" thevehicle.

being interpolated between the trains tov be hauled as will behereinafter explained.,

applied iii-av be a locomotive tender, flat car, box car, etc., and willhereinafter-be Ymerely termed the veliicle,v7 and such vehicle,irrespective of its character, will have a very great Jrictionalengageni ent with the' 'central i rail besides that natural to its.oivnv Weight acting upon thetvvo rails ofthetrack. The

vehicle vvill also have veryv powerfulbrakes ybesidi-s theV ordinarv7ones,v which act on the vertical Wheels, and it is so constructed astoallow the brakes to beapplied Witlrperiect reliability on steep inclinesWithout requir-j ing medication of the railwa'vhor artillery material,etc., even when it is 1not provided with brakes orwhenits brakes areweakor. Worn, in a. ivordwithout altering thev ma#v terial,.even thatintended for level tracks ,or4

gentleV inc-lines.

' The said vehicle is coiistructedf'ito runen the usual tracks of normalorfnarroiv gage, to which b v tlie'a-pplication ol the present'invention, the central rail is simply added,

The improved brake mechanism satisfies these desidera-ta,

at those sections only'which have steep incliiies uponivliich therictional engagement and brake power 'of the' horizontal. Wheels are tobe used. L

For passing*v around the curves of the track, particularlythose ofyshort radius, if

the rolling stock is not provided with a:

central buffer it is necessary toV provide the brake mechanism abovementioned With special lateral buffers against Whichthe' thrust, whichis,increasedfonsteep-molines, shall beequally distributed.

ln practice on curves, for the: *rollingy stocl'g'thebui'ler placed inthe interior there,e of takes the major portion or' even thef iviolefot' `the thrust; on the other handit' the distance ot the buffersfrom'the'end. axles is not the saine for the brake niechanisn'i astorthe-vehicle to Which'the brakenie'chai iiisni is attached, thebuffers of the brake-v` inecha-nisijnlwill be eccentric to thoseo thevehicle. The Vthrust by singleA eccentricA butter Aivould produce anabnormal `strain .on theY stool; as Well as jamming (or hugging) ottheir Wheels against the tivo'd rails of ther track. The said brakev isnot heavy although capabler of considerableV brakeV power, and thevehicle toV Which it is'to-be attached may be loaded' withVw Water,coal,"

artillery ammunition or various'other'goods to be transported.` v

' The' brake mechanism can be a'ppliedto' railways, tran'iwavjjs vandtractors Worked byv steam, electricity, compressed air4 or other 1.'1ieans.

In the following'descriptioncthere is de- Y scribed a. vehicle withbalanced' buii'ers, but itinust be understood Vthat it is onlyianexample ot the application' of theV devicesV forming the subject matterVot' the present'v invention Figures l to 8 inclusive of the accompanyf'ing dravviiigrelate to a Hat car with two axles,

having three pairs lof liorizonta'lwh'eels for applying aV brakingactiononfthe central rail, and at each endta systemv of" balancedb'u'ters inountedjnponfa beam and distrib- D Y o`n the curves ofthe/track.'

Fig. l'is a side eleva-tion ofthe car.v Y Fig. 2 lis a verticallongitudinali section through theA axis o-a. butter;l

F ig. Sis'a'plaii view ofthe'car." Y Y Fig. l'isaihorizontal'section'above one' utin o the 'thrust equally 'over thetWoVbullers pair oir` horizontal Wheels.

Fig. 5 is a horizontal section through one pair of horizontal wheels.

Fig. 6 is a horizontal section through the axis of the buliers.

F ig. 'l' is a transverse section through the axis of one pair ofhorizontal wheels.

Fig. 8 is a transverse section through the axis of a beam of thebalanced buffers.

F ig. 9 shows, by way of example. the applic-ation ot' the devices ofthe present invention to a heavy train running on a line having steepinclines and steep descents, and having consequently at front and rear alocomotive and a bulier brake tender.

In Figs. l, 3, l, 5 and 7 the axles a of the horizontal wheels Z) aremounted in the supports c sliding between the transverse guides e whichconnect the side frames of the car. The gripping pressure of the wheelsagainst the central rail and the pressure of the brake blocks againstthese wheels are produced by the spring g when it overcomes the reducedpressure in the oppositely acting air cylinder 71r (which is singleacting) through the medium of a .lever 'i which acts on the one hand, toeft'ect the grijiiping pressure upon the levers y' and .7c coupled bythe coimecting rod Z and jointed at their lower ends to the supports c,and on the other hand to actuate the brake blocks upon the levers mand ncoupled by the connecting rods o. The blocks f are mount-ed to slide inthe supports c.

One of the ends ot the spring f/ is fixed against the cylinder i1,attached to lthe framework of the car, the other end `bearing against ashoulder on the piston rod of this cylinder. In the case of a trainfitted with continuous air brakes the pipe 7) is connected to the tra-inpipe, so that when the air pressure in the train line is reduced toapply the-brakes to the vertical wheels the application of the brake ofthe horizontal wheels is simultaneous with the application thereof tothe vertical wheels.

lVhen the air pressure is at its greatest in the cylinder 7L the springhas Vno eilect on the horizontal wheels, the frictional engagement andthe brake power of whichare at zero; these wheels pass therefore with aslight clearance against the central rail or run along this rail withoutgripping it, which is also indispensable when the train descends anincline so that the ear suffers no resistance to its movement from thesaid horizontal wheels.

In proportion however as the air pressure diminishes in the cylinder itbythe will of the driver, the spring g becomes preponderant and augmentsthe pressure oi the horizontal wheels against the central rail and thatof the brake blocks f against these wheels. In cases where the train istted with a continuous vacuumv brake, the oppositely acting cylinder itis a vacuum cylinder.

In the case of an emergency application ot the brakes or the rupture ofthe brake pipe couplings which also interrupts the train pipe, thepressure falls completely in this pipe and the spring g pro.- duces itsmaximum effect for the automatic application of the brakes to thehorizontal wheels at the same time as it causes them to grip the centralrail.

It is well known that the eilicacious application of the brakes `to thevertical wheels of railway vehicles is obtained by proportioningsuitably the pressure of the brake blocks to the rictional engagementoi' the wheels upon the rails. This condition is fulilled t'or thehorizontal wheels the levers y', lo, m, n of which are o'l fixed length,by insuring that the gripping pressure ot the horizontal wheels againstthe central rail is adjusted to that, properly speaking, produced by thelevers y' and 7c and the pressure of the blocks f transmitted againstthis rail by these horizontal wheels.

rlhe pivot point of these levers 7' and t upon the supports c and of thelevers m. and at upon the blocks f is placed in thehorizontal plane ofthe axis 'of the central rail so that the axles a remain parallel andthat no jamming of the supports c is produced in their guides e when thehorizontal wheels Z) move at right angles to the track. When thismovement takes place, these wheels therefore have only to overcome veryslight friction compared' with the i'orces transmitted by the levers andare easily eapable, when inclines are descended, the brakes beingapplied meanwhile, oi follow-- ing sinuosities of the central rail ifits width varies or it it is not mounted regu larly in the center of thetrack, and ot ioly lowing it also over the curves of the track.

In consequence ot this easy movement of the horizontal wheels thecentral rail may be mounted with considerable latitude with relation tothe two rails of the track. Great latitude is also permitted withrespect to height of this rail seeing that the treads of the-horizontalwheels may have all they necessary height.

Figs. l, 2, 3, 8 show, by way ot example, aV

system oi' balanced vbulers, having at each end of the car buii'er 'barsQ with nuts fr adapted to work in the guidess, t, and two springs u, twosleeves c carrying journals connected to the ends of the `lever fr bymeans of slides y. The lever rocks about the xed aXle e of the supporta. l

When the ear is interposed in a train for the purpose of applying thebrakes thereto, on thestraight parts of the track the two rods g areequally distant from the frame, the lever is at right angles to thelongitudinal axis of this f 'ame and the two springs are equallystressed. Then the car passes around a curve, the rod g located tionwith rela-tion to the axis of the frame, but the two springs wareequally stressed.v

The thrust is equally distributed over-the two ybull'ers whatever itsamount may be and whatever Athe radius of the curve of the trackl maybe. l

This therefore avoids the application to a single buiier of the powerfulthrust produced on steep slopes, which application would abnormallystrain this-buffer and also the whole of the frame and would cause thestock to be jammed bythe vertical wheels against the two rails of thetrack which might cause derailment. The systemV of balanced lateralbuffers is applicable to locomotives in which a supplementalgrippingaction is obtained by means of horizontal wheels and a centralrail.

When the track has steep declivities in one direction only, one or morebuffer brake cars may be advantageously placed at thel lowest part ofthe train; other brake cars being interposed along ythe length lof thetrain if the brake power to be produced v-is very great. i

lVhen'the vtrack has steep declivities in both directions that is to sayascents and descents, one or more brake cars are placed at each end ofthe train. H

In Fig. 9 the rtrain o', which is hauled by two locomotives c equippedwith horizontal wheels for engagement with a central rail,

Y has two bu'er brakey cars d used as tenders of these locomotives. Likethese tenders, the said locomotives are provided with balanced lateralbuifers.

Each of these tenders is represented as having three pairs of horizontal.wheels e and has the body f loaded with water and coal.

modifying it. This pipe is formed of eXible or rigid components ofeasily manipulatable length having a coupling' at each end. Thesecomponents are carried by the steep inclines7 Vit suiiices to providethe car" with an air reservoir intended to supply the cylinders 71, (seeFig. 7) and the train pipeY .of this car. In this case the brakes Aareapplied by a man who is placed upon the said In the case where thestockhauledl is notA Sie the oo aositevsides ot' the su a )lemental rail Ywhenbrought into-contact therewith; brakes Jfor the :horizontal-wheelsand mechanism for eiecting automatically and simultaneously theengagement ot' the horizontall wheelswith said supplemental'rail and thebraking of said wheels.

2. An Vimproved brake car having verti-V cal wheels adapted to engagethe usual track rails; pairs of horizontal wheels ,disposed at oppositesidesv ot va supplemental rail loc-ated intermediate the track rails,the pairs of horizontal ywheels being adapted to grip the opposite sidesot the supplemental rail when brought Vinto contacttheiewith; brakes forthe horizontal wheels and mechanism for eiiectingcautomatically andsimultaneously .the engagement of the horizontal wheelsY with saidsupplemental. rail and the braking ot said wheelsgsaid mechanism beingoperated by a spring which .is controlled by an oppositely-acting pistoncontrolled by the difference in `fluid vpressure exerted 1 against itstwov faces. A

3. An improved brake car having `vertical wheels adapted to engage theusual track rails;l pairs ot horizontal wheels disposed at oppositesides of a supplemental rail located intermediate the trackrails, Athe'pairs of `horizontal wheels being adapted to grip the the vhorizontalwheels and. mechanism for eiiiecting automatically and simultaneouslythe engagement of the horizontal wheels "with said supplemental'rail andbraking of said wheels; said mechanism being operated by a spring whichis controlled by an oppositely-acting compressed-air cylinder.

el. An improved brake car having vertical wheels adapted toengage theusual track rails; pairs of horizontal wheels disposed at opposite sideslof a supplemental rail located intermediate the track rails, the pairsof horizontal wheels being adapted to grip the l. opposite. sides of thesupplemental rail when tenders or the brake cars when they are notbrought into'contact therewith; brakes for the horizontal wheels andmechanism for effecting automatically and simultaneously the engagementof the horizontal wheels 'with said su'pplementalrail and the braking otsaid wheels; said mechanism being operated by a springwhich is'controlled byy an oppositely-acting piston controlled by theAdifference in Huid pressure exerted against Cil two faces and Workingin a cylinder which is connected with the main air pipe of the train. f

5. An improved brake car having vertical Wheelsadapted to engage theusual track rails; pairs of horizontal Wheels disposed at opposite sidesof a supplemental rail located intermediate the track rails, the pairsof horizontal Wheels being adapted to grip the opposite sides of thesupplemental rail when brought into contact therewith; brakes for thehorizontal Wheels and mechanism for effecting automatically andsimultaneously the engagement of the horizontal Wheels with saidsupplemental rail and the braking of said Wheels; said mechanism beingoperated by a spring which is controlled by an oppositely-aetino,compressed-air cylinder which is connected to a detachablecompressed-air pipe carried by the train.

tu improved brake car haring Vertical Wheels adapted to engage the usualtrac-k rails; pairs of horizontal Wheels disposed at opposite sides of asupplemental rail located intermediate the track rails, the pairs ofhorizontal Wheels being adapt-ed to grip the opposite sides of thesupplemental rail when brought into contact therewith; brakes for thehorizontal Wheels and mechanism for effecting automatically andsimultaneously the engagement of the horizontal Wheels with saidsupplemental rail and the braking of said Wheels; the said mechanismbeing so arranged and the mounting of the horizontal Wheels being suchthat the gripping action of said Wheels and their braking areindependent of Wear upon the 'various parts of said mechanism and uponthe Y supplemental rail.

T. in improved brake ear haring Vertical Wheels adapted to engage theusual track rails; pairs of horizontal Wheels disposed at opposite sidesof asupplemeutal rail located intermediate the. track rails7 the pairsof horizontal Wheels being adapted to grip the opposite sides of thesupplemental rail when brought into contact therewith; brakes for thehorizontal Wheels and mechanism for effecting automatically andsimultaneously the engagement of the horizontal Wheels with saidsupplemental rail and the braking of said Wheels g' the said mechanismbeing so arranged and the mounting of the horizontal wheels being suchthat the said wheels can more freely one with relation to the other, orboth in the same direction, transversely of the trark in order to permitthem to adapt themselves to Variations in the Width of the supplementalrail and its irregularities in position With relation to the trackrails, as Well Vas to permit them to follow the curves of the track.

S. ln a train of ears7 a plurality of variably-disposed brake cars, eachprovided with vertical Wheels adapted` to engage the usual track railsand with pairs of horizontal wheels disposed at opposite sides offa'supe pleinental rail located intermediate of the track rails, the pairsof horizontal rails be ing 'adapted to grip the opposite sides of thesupplemental rail when brought into contact therewith; brakes for thehorizontal Wheels and meena-nism tory effecting automatically andsiniultruieously the engagement of the horizontal Wheels withsainsupplemental rail and the braking of` said Wheels; said mechanismbeing operated byr a spring' which is controlled by an oppo-lsitcly-acting, compressed air cylinder, which is connected to adetachable compressed air pipe carried by the train.

ln testimony whereof l have signed this specification in the presence oftwo subscribing Witnesses.

JULES ETIENNE HANSCGTTE.

fllyitnesses: c

Groen LorrnL, Jeux F. SIMoNs.

Ys o

